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The SLA System

The SLA system is among the most well characterized MHC systems in non-human animal species. The ISAG/IUIS-VIC SLA Nomenclature Committee was formed in 2002, with the primary objectives:

  1. to validate newly identified SLA sequences according to the guidelines established for maintaining high quality standards of the accepted sequences;
  2. to assign appropriate nomenclatures for new alleles as they are validated;
  3. to serve as a curator of the IPD-MHC SLA sequence database (http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ipd/mhc/sla/), which is the repository for all recognized SLA genes, their allelic sequences and haplotypes.

The IPD-MHC Database is currently undergoing major revisions on its infrastructure and website, aiming to significantly improve the performance and allow for a simpler submission process and more frequent update. To date, there are 176 class Ia (SLA-1, SLA-2, SLA-3), 16 class Ib (SLA-6, SLA-7 and SLA-8), 5 class I-like SLA-12 and 190 class II (DRA, DRB1, DQA, DQB1, DMA, DMB, DOA and DOB1) alleles officially designated.

Additionally, there are 43 class I and 33 class II haplotypes designated at the allele level resolution. Recent evidence has suggested other loci in the SLA system, previously recognized as pseudogenes (e.g. SLA-9, SLA-11, DQB2 and DOB2), may be expressed at the transcript level for some haplotypes. The committee will consider reclassifying some of these loci as putative functional genes as additional evidence accumulates.

A systematic nomenclature for the genes, alleles and haplotypes of the swine MHC is critical to the research in swine genetic diversity, immunology, health, vaccinology, and organ or cell transplantation. Continuous efforts on characterizing SLA alleles and haplotypes and studying of their diversity in various pig populations will further deepen our understanding of the architecture and polymorphism of the SLA system and their role in disease, vaccine and allo- or xeno-graft responses.

Current members of the SLA Nomenclature Committee

  • Chak-Sum Ho (Chair) (Histocompatibility Laboratory, Gift of Life Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA)

  • Sabine E. Hammer (Co-chair) (Institute of Immunology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria)

  • Joan K. Lunney (Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, BARC, ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD, USA)

  • Asako Ando (Department of Molecular Life Science, Division of Basic Medical Science and Molecular Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa, Japan)

  • Claire Rogel-Gaillard (GABI, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France)

  • Jun-Heon Lee (Division of Animal and Dairy Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea)

  • Lawrence B. Schook (Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA)

Selected References

  • Robinson et al. Nucleic Acids Res. 38 (2010) D863-9
  • Ho et al. Anim Genet. 41 (2010) 428-32
  • Ho et al. Tissue Antigens 73 (2009) 307-15
  • Ho et al. Anim Genet. 40 (2009) 468-78
  • Lunney et al. Dev Comp Immunol. 33 (2009) 362-74