The Gonskikh group investigates how transfer RNA (tRNA), ribosomal RNA (rRNA), and their post-transcriptional modifications regulate cell-specific translation. A central focus of the lab is addressing a fundamental biological paradox: while translation is essential for the viability of every cell, defects in the biogenesis and function of the translational machinery often lead to highly tissue- and organ-specific diseases. Focusing on the nervous system and hematological malignancies, the group investigates the RNA-based mechanisms that drive this specificity. Using a combination of biochemical, molecular, and cellular approaches, the lab employs cell lines, primary cells, ex vivo models, and reconstituted in vitro systems to uncover the principles governing translational regulation in health and disease.